ABSTRACT
Background: During the past two years, a new health crisis that affected the world was the emergence of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Currently, most health challenges and problems are mainly due to behavioral factors, so identifying these factors can play an important role in promoting public health. Therefore, this study was designed and conducted to investigate Iranians’ attitude, practice, and perceived self-efficacy towards COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Method: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted online among 387 Iranian cyberspace users selected by convenience sampling method and invited through social media messaging apps (Telegram, WhatsApp). The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire divided into 4 parts (demographic information, items related to attitude, practice, and perceived self-efficacy). The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) and its reliability by Cronbach's alpha. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney, analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation, and linear regression tests were used to analyze the collected data. Results: The results of the Pearson’s test showed that there was a direct and significant correlation between the participants’ attitude with practice (r = 0.23, p <0.001) and perceived self-efficacy (r = 0.21, p <0.001) regarding coronavirus preventive behaviors. There was also a direct and significant relationship between self-efficacy and practice (r = 0.46, p <0.001). The results of univariate regression test also showed that occupation (p=0.002, β=-0.16), marital status (p = 0.003, β=-0.15), attitude (p <0.001, β=0.23), and self-efficacy (p <0.001, β = 0.45) are predictive and influential variables of the participants’ practice towards coronavirus preventive behaviors. Conclusion: Various factors affect people's practice in relation to preventive behaviors. Paying attention to people's attitudes and self-efficacy can be considered in policies related to improving people's performance as well as planning future interventions to promote coronavirus preventive behaviors.
ABSTRACT
Aims: Preventive behaviors play an important role in reducing mortality caused by this disease. This study aimed to determine the application of the extended theory of planned behavior to predicting preventive behaviors against COVID-19. Instrument & Methods: In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 416 university students were selected and examined through virtual networks through convenience and snowball sampling methods. The data collection tool was developed by the researcher-made questionnaire based on the extended theory of planned behavior. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation test and linear regression by SPSS 18 software. Findings: A positive and significant correlation was observed between the mean of all the studied theoretical constructs with preventive behaviors against COVID-19 (p<0.01). Attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and perception of others' behavior predicted 43% of behavioral intention variance. Moreover, behavioral intention perceived behavioral control and perception of others’ behavior predicted 56% of preventive behaviors variance against COVID-19. Behavioral intention, attitude, perception of others' behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control had the greatest impact on COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Conclusion: The extended theory of planned behavior can be used as an appropriate framework in designing educational interventions to promote preventive behaviors against COVID-19. © 2022, Tarbiat Modares University. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Quarantine is medically very effective in protecting the public from disease. Given the significant role of women in forming the health behavior of the family, this study was performed with aim to investigate the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of women in Sabzevar concerning home quarantine for prevention of the new coronavirus disease.
ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Prevention is the best way to break the transmission chain of COVID-19. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of people regarding home quarantine to prevent COVID-19 in Sabzevar city, Iran. Methods: In the present cross-sectional study in 2020, 836 people from Sabzevar participated. Data were collected by the virtual questionnaire and released in social media by nonprobability methods (Convenience and Snowball). The study questionnaire was researcher-made. The questions included demographics, knowledge, attitude and practice. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed. Results: The variables of gender, attitude and job on practice, variables of gender, education, job and attitude on knowledge and variables of knowledge, age, gender and underlying disease on attitude toward home quarantine have a significant impact (P.0.05). Conclusion: People's practice regarding home quarantine to prevent COVID-19 depends on a number of factors. Paying attention to the gender, attitude and occupation of individuals in policy making regarding home quarantine can improve the performance of the public. © 2020 Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.